英译学术论文摘要【八】

按：二十余年来，业余翻译或校对哲学、社会科学等人文学术期刊和师友论文摘要。至今已经译校不少篇什。它们或长或短，或深奥艰涩，或浅显易懂，却都是经过一番努力，数度推敲，几经润色定稿的。不过，最初几年的译校系手写，故均已散佚。1996年换笔改用电脑后虽然数次更换机器，多次重装或升级系统，其中也有散佚，但绝大多数仍保存于硬盘。今特选择自认为比较忠实原文者，分批转帖，名之为《英译学术论文摘要》，以期方家哂正。下面是其八。——啮书轩主人启。

英译学术论文摘要【八】

原文

一、 关于汉语成语释义和引证的问题

——读《现代汉语成语规范词典》

 本文就《现代汉语成语规范词典》中一些条目的释义，谈汉语成语释义和引证的规范问题。这些问题也存在于其他成语词典以及一般词典的成语条目。该《词典》冠以“规范”之名，故以此为据谈述。

二、李贤《后汉书注》中的语法分析

  《后汉书注》中的语法分析法内容有：词序调整和句读层次、复合词结构、句法结构关系、句法语义关系、词的句法功能义、句型句式、修辞分析等，反映了唐人的语法分析成就，为中国古代语法学的一宗重要材料。

三、顾炎武论文风与语法规范

---读《日知录》札记

顾炎武主张文期于用世，为社会服务；认为文不贵多，著书不易；重视慎辞修辞、辞达而有文采；斥责文辞欺人、巧言、窃书、求古、摹仿。

四、中国文章学篇章结构分析的产生

——谈古代注释书释义内容在唐宋时代的一个大发展

起自汉代的注释书经魏晋到唐宋“正义”“集注”有了篇章结构的分析，这是注释书释义内容的一个大发展，也是中国文章学篇章结构分析的产生；列具体实例介绍孔颖达“五经正义”、贾公彦“二礼正义”、朱熹《四书集注》中篇章结构分析。

I.                   On the Standardization of Interpretation and Quotation

of Chinese Idioms:

With Special Reference to The Standard Dictionary of Chinese Idioms

关于汉语成语释义和引证的问题

——读《现代汉语成语规范词典》

 With regard to the interpretation of a few entries of The Standard Dictionary of Chinese Idioms, the present article discusses the issues brought about by the standardization of the interpretation and quotation of Chinese idioms. These issues can also be found in the entries of other idiom dictionaries and those for general uses. And as the title of the Dictionary begins with the word “standard”, the discussion naturally starts therewith.

   II.      Grammar Analysis in Li Xian's Annotations on

“The Chronicles of the Later Han Dynasty”(Houhanshu Zhu)

李贤《后汉书注》中的语法分析

In terms of grammar analysis, what is contained in Annotations on “The Chronicles of the Later Han Dynasty” (Houhanshu Zhu) is as follows: word-order adjustment and order of clauses, construction of compound words, relationships among different morphological structures and that among different morphological meanings, morphological functions of different words, sentence patterns and forms, rhetorical analysis, etc. All this is representative of the achievements of the Tang-Dynasty philologists in grammar analysis, and is therefore important as literature on ancient Chinese grammar studies.

III.             Gu Yanwu on Style of Writing and Norms of Grammar:

Notes on reading Notes on Daily Accumulations of Knowledge (Rizhi Lu)

顾炎武论文风与语法规范

---读《日知录》札记

Gu Yanwu believes that writing is designated to benefit the world and to serve society; arguing for the notion that, for the number of one’s writings, it is not all that the more the better because of the difficulty in writing monographs; emphasizing cautions in speech, rhetoric skills, best expressions of ideas with literary grace in accordance with the norms of grammar; and condemning deception by writing, fair wording, plagiarism, modeling and imitating on the style of the ancients.

IV.             The Birth of the Analysis of Textual Composition in the Study of

 Chinese Writings:

On the Enormous Development of the Scope of Ancient Chinese Annotation Books

中国文章学篇章结构分析的产生

——谈古代注释书释义内容在唐宋时代的一个大发展

Originated during the Han Dynasty, ancient Chinese annotation books became “Semantic Explanations” and “variorums” during the period from the Wei and the Jin Dynasty to the Tang and the Song Dynasty, with textual analyses added to them. And this indicates an enormous development of the scope of the annotation books, and the birth of the analysis of the textual composition in ancient Chinese annotation books. The present paper tries to introduce examples  of textual analysis taken from Kong Yingda’s Semantic Explanations of “The Five Books”, Jia Gongyan’s Semantic Explanations of “The Two Books on Rites,” and Zhu Xi’s Variorum Edition of the Four Books (Sishu Jizhu).