书经 The Book of History -- 《盘庚上-- Pan Geng I》(James Legge 英译)(1)
盘庚迁于殷1，民不适有居2，率吁众慼出，矢言3。曰：“我王来4，既爰宅于兹5，重我民6，无尽刘7。不能胥匡以生8，卜稽9，曰其如台10？先王有服11，恪谨天命12，兹犹不常宁？不常厥邑，于今五邦13。今不承于古14，罔知天之断命15，矧曰其克从先王之烈16？若颠木之有由蘖17，天其永我命于兹新邑18，绍复先王之大业19，厎绥四方20。”
Pan-geng wished to remove (the capital) to Yin, but the people would not go to dwell there. He therefore appealed to all the discontented, and made the following protestations. 'Our king came, and fixed on this. He did so from a deep concern for our people, and not because he would have them all die, where they cannot (now) help one another to preserve their lives. I have consulted the tortoise-shell, and obtained the reply: "This is no place for us." When the former kings had any (important) business, they gave reverent heed to the commands of Heaven. In a case like this especially they did not indulge (the wish for) constant repose - they did not abide ever in the same city. Up to this time (the capital has been) in five regions. If we do not follow (the example) of these old times, we shall be refusing to acknowledge that Heaven is making an end of our dynasty (here); how little can it be said of us that we are following the meritorious course of the former kings! As from the stump of a felled tree there are sprouts and shoots, Heaven will perpetuate its decree in our favour in this new city;--the great inheritance of the former kings will be continued and renewed, and tranquillity will be secured to the four quarters (of the kingdom).'
【注释】
1、迁于殷：殷，今河南安阳。迁于殷，将迁于殷。句例与《甘誓》“大战于甘”相同。杨遇夫说：“此定计决迁之辞，实为未迁也。”
2、适：往。有居：住地。有，助词。
3、率吁众慼出：率，人民相率。慼，作戚，贵戚大臣。矢：陈，陈述。
4、我王：指南庚。
5、爰：易，改。宅：居住。兹：这里，指奄。
6、重：重视。也解“厚”，厚待之意。
7、刘：伤害。
8、胥：相。匡：救助。
9、卜稽：稽，考。卜稽，卜而考之。
10、曰：语首助词。其：将。如台：如何，怎样。
11、服：事。
12、恪：恭敬。谨：慎。
13、五邦：杨遇夫说：“五邦，中丁迁嚣，一也；河亶甲迁相，二也；祖乙迁耿，三也；耿圮迁庇，四也；南庚迁奄，五也。中丁迁嚣，河亶甲迁相，祖乙居庇，南庚迁奄，并见古本《竹书纪年》，祖乙圮于耿，见《书序》。”
14、承：继承。古：指先王恪谨天命。
15、断命：断绝我命。
16、矧：况且。烈：事业。
17、颠：倒仆。由：倒木新生的枝条。蘖：被砍的树长出的新芽。
18、新邑：指奄。
19、绍：继续。复：兴复。
20、厎：定。绥：安。
盘庚斅于民21，由乃在位以常旧服，正法度22。曰：“无或敢伏小人之攸箴23！”王命众24，悉至于廷。
Pan-geng, in making the people aware of his views, began with those who were in (high) places, and took the constantly-recurring circumstances of former times to lay down the right law and measure (for the present emergency), saying, 'Let none of you dare to suppress the remonstrances of the poor people.' The king commanded all to come to him in the courtyard (of his palace).
【注释】
21、敩：教，开导。
22、由：《方言》：“正也。”乃：犹其也。常：遵守。正法度：以法度为正，正视法度。
23、或：有人。伏：凭借。攸：所。箴：规劝。小人所箴，即指上文所引不欲迁徙者之言。
24、众：群臣。
