书经 The Book of
History -- 《盘庚中-- Pan Geng II》(James Legge
英译)(3)
“予念我先神后之劳尔先1，予丕克羞尔用怀尔2，然失于政，陈于兹3，高后丕乃崇降罪疾4，曰：‘曷虐朕民5？’汝万民乃不生生6，暨予一人猷同心7，先后丕降与汝罪疾，曰：‘曷不暨朕幼孙有比8？’故有爽德9，自上其罚汝10，汝罔能迪11。
'I think of my
ancestors, (who are now) the spiritual sovereigns; when they made
your forefathers toil (on similar occasions it was only for their
good), and I would be enabled in the same way greatly to nourish
you and cherish you. Were I to err in my government, and remain
long here, my high sovereign, (the founder of our dynasty), would
send down on me great punishment for my crime, and say, "Why do you
oppress my people?" If you, the myriads of the people, do not
attend to the perpetuation of your lives, and cherish one mind with
me, the One man, in my plans, the former kings will send down on
you great punishment for your crime, and say, "Why do you not agree
with our young grandson, but go on to forfeit your virtue?" When
they punish you from above, you will have no way of
escape.
【注释】
1、神后：神圣的君主。
2、丕：当作“不”。
3、陈：居处。
4、丕乃：于是就。崇：重。
5、曷：何，为什么。虐：虐待。
6、乃：若。生生：营生。
7、猷：谋求。
8、幼孙：盘庚自指。有比：亲近。
9、爽：羞错。
10、上：上天。
11、迪：读为攸，长也。
“古我先后既劳乃祖乃父，汝共作我畜民12，汝有戕则在乃心13！我先后绥乃祖乃父14，乃祖乃父乃断弃汝15，不救乃死。兹予有乱政同位16，具乃贝玉17。乃祖乃父丕乃告我高后曰：‘作丕刑于朕孙！’迪高后丕乃崇降弗祥18。
'Of old, my royal
predecessors made your ancestors and fathers toil (only for their
good). You are equally the people whom I (wish to) cherish. But
your conduct is injurious;--it is cherished in your hearts. Whereas
my royal predecessors made your ancestors and fathers happy, they,
your ancestors and fathers, will (now) cut you off and abandon you,
and not save you from death. Here are those ministers of my
government, who share with me in the offices (of the kingdom);--and
yet they (only think of hoarding up) cowries and gems. Their
ancestors and fathers earnestly represent (their course) to my high
sovereign, saying, "Execute great punishments on our descendants."
So do they advise my high sovereign to send down great calamities
(on those men).'
【注释】
12、作：为。畜：养。
13、有：又。戕：残害。则：通贼，害。
14、绥：安。
15、断：断然。
16、乱政：乱政之臣。同位：同事。
17、乃：其。贝玉：贝和玉，指财物。
18、迪：语首助词。崇：重。
“呜呼！今予告汝：不易1！永敬大恤2，无胥绝远3！汝分猷念以相从4，各设中于乃心5。乃有不吉不迪6，颠越不恭7，暂遇奸(宝盖头+九)8，我乃劓殄灭之9，无遗育10，无俾易种于兹新邑11。
'Oh! I have now
told you my unchangeable purpose;--do you perpetually respect (my)
great anxiety; let us not get alienated and removed from one
another; share in my plans and thoughts, and think (only) of
following me; let every one of you set up the true rule of conduct
in his heart. If there be bad and unprincipled men, precipitously
or carelessly disrespectful (to my orders), and taking advantage of
this brief season to play the part of villains or traitors, I will
cut off their noses, or utterly exterminate them. I will leave none
of their children. I will not let them perpetuate their seed in
this new city.
“往哉生生！今予将试以汝迁，永建乃家。”
'Go! preserve and
continue your lives. I will now transfer you (to the new capital),
and (there) establish your families for ever.'
【注释】
1、易：轻易。
2、敬：警，警戒。恤：忧患。
3、胥：相。绝远：隔绝疏远。
4、分：当。猷：谋。
5、中：和。
6、乃：若。吉：善。迪：道，正路。
7、颠：陨，坠落。越：越轨，违法。
8、暂：读为渐，欺诈。遇：读为隅，奸邪。
9、劓：同臬，断也。殄：灭绝。
10、育：读为胄，后代。
11、俾：使。易：延续。种：种族。
