尚书 The Book of History -- 《梓材--
Timber of the Rottlera》(James Legge
英译)
1
梓材:
王曰：“封，以厥庶民暨厥臣达大家，以厥臣达王惟邦君，汝若恒越曰：‘我有师师、司徒、司马、司空、尹、旅。’曰：‘予罔厉杀人。’亦厥君先敬劳，肆徂厥敬劳。肆往，奸（宝盖+九）、杀人、历人，宥；肆亦见厥君事、戕败人，宥。”
Timber of the Rottlera: The
king says, 'O Feng, to secure a good understanding between the
multitudes of his people and his ministers (on the one hand), and
the great families (on the other); and (again) to secure the same
between all the subjects under his charge, and the sovereign - is
the part of the ruler of a state. If you regularly, in giving out
your orders, say, "My instructors whom I am to follow, my Minister
of Instruction, my Minister of War, and my Minister of Works; my
heads of departments, and all ye, my officers, I will on no account
put any to death oppressively". Let the ruler also set the example
of respecting and encouraging (the people), and these will (also)
proceed to respect and encourage them. Then let him go on, in
dealing with villainy and treachery, with murderers and harbourers
of criminals, to exercise clemency (where it can be done), and
these will likewise do the same with those who have assaulted
others and injured their property.
2
梓材:
王启监，厥乱为民。曰：“无胥戕，无胥虐，至于敬寡，至于属妇，合由以容。”王其效邦君越御事：“厥命曷以？引养引恬。自古王若兹，监罔攸辟。”惟曰：“若稽田，既勤敷灾，惟其陈修，为厥疆畎。若作室家，既勤垣墉，惟其涂塈茨。若作梓材，既勤朴斫，惟其涂丹雘。”
Timber of the Rottlera: 'When
sovereigns appointed overseers (of states), they did so in order to
the government of the people, and said to them, "Do not give way to
violence or oppression, but go on to show reverent regard for the
friendless, and find helping connexions for (destitute) women."
Deal with all according to this method, and cherish them. And when
sovereigns gave their injunctions to the rulers of states, and
their managers of affairs, what was their charge? It was that they
should lead the people to the enjoyment of plenty and peace. Such
was the way of the kings from of old. An overseer is to eschew the
use of punishments.' (The king) says, 'As in the management of a
field, when the soil has been all laboriously turned up, they have
to proceed by orderly arrangements to make its boundaries and
water-courses; as in building a house, after all the toil on its
walls. they have to plaster and thatch it; as in working with the
wood of the rottlera, when the toil of the coarser and finer
operations has been completed, they have to apply the paint of red
and other colours; (so do you finish for me the work which I have
begun in the state of Wei.)'
3
梓材:
今王惟曰：“先王既勤用明德，怀为夹，庶邦享作，兄弟方来。亦既用明德，后式典集，庶邦丕享。皇天既付中国民越厥疆土于先王，肆王惟德用，和怿先后迷民，用怿先王受命。已！若兹监。”惟曰：“欲至于万年，惟王子子孙孙永保民。”
Timber of the Rottlera: Now let
your majesty say, 'The former kings diligently employed their
illustrious virtue, and produced such attachment by their
cherishing (of the princes), that from all the states they brought
offerings, and came with brotherly affection from all quarters, and
likewise showed their virtue illustrious. Do you, O sovereign, use
their methods to attach (the princes), and all the states will
largely come with offerings. Great Heaven having given this Middle
Kingdom with its people and territories to the former kings, do
you, our present sovereign, display your virtue, effecting a gentle
harmony among the deluded people, leading and urging them on; so
(also) will you comfort the former kings, who received the
appointment (from Heaven). Yes, make these things your study. I say
so simply from my wish that (your dynasty) may continue for myriads
of years, and your descendants always be the protectors of the
people.'
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