书经 The Book of
History -- 《盘庚上-- Pan Geng I》(James Legge
英译)(3)
“迟任有言曰1：‘人惟求旧，器非求旧，惟新。’古我先王暨乃祖乃父胥及逸勤2，予敢动用非罚3？世选尔劳4，予不掩尔善5。兹予大享于先王6，尔祖其从与享之7。作福作灾，予亦不敢动用非德8。
'Chi Ren has
said, "In men we seek those of old families; in vessels, we do not
seek old ones, but new." Of old, the kings, my predecessors, and
your forefathers and fathers shared together the ease and labours
(of the government); how should I dare to lay undeserved
afflictions on you? For generations the toils of your (fathers)
have been approved, and I will not conceal your goodness. Now when
I offer the great sacrifices to my predecessors, your forefathers
are present to share in them. (They all observe) the happiness I
confer and the sufferings I inflict, and I cannot dare to reward
virtue that does not exist.
【注释】
1、迟任：郑玄说：“迟任，古之贤史。”
2、暨：与，和。胥：相。逸勤：安乐、勤劳。
3、非罚：不当的惩罚。
4、选：数。劳：劳绩。
5、掩：掩蔽。
6、享：祭祀。
7、尔祖其从与享之：古代天子祭祀祖先，也让功臣的祖先同时享受祭祀。
8、非德：不当的恩惠。
“予告汝于难，若射之有志9。汝无侮老成人10，无弱孤有幼11。各长于厥居12，勉出乃力，听予一人之作猷13。无有远迩，用罪伐厥死14，用德彰厥善15。邦之臧16，惟汝众；邦之不臧，惟予一人有佚罚17。
'I have announced
to you the difficulties (of the intended movement), being bent on
it, like an archer (whose only thought is to hit). Do not you
despise the old and experienced, and do not make little of the
helpless and young. Seek every one long continuance in this (new
city), which is to be your abode; exert yourselves and put out your
strength (in furthering the removal), and listen to the plans of
me, the One man. I will make no distinction between men as being
more distantly or more nearly related to me;--the criminal (in this
matter) shall die the death, and the good-doer shall have his
virtue distinguished. The prosperity of the country (ought to) come
from you all. If it fail of prosperity, that must arise from me,
the One man, erring in the application of punishment.
【注释】
9、志：躬箭的标志，即箭靶。
10、侮老：轻视。
11、弱孤：轻忽。有：助词。
12、长：为长，为领导。厥居：居住的地方，指各自的封邑。
13、作猷：所作所谋。
14、罪：刑罚。死：恶。
15、德：罪罚之反，奖赏。彰：表彰。
16、臧：善。
17、伕罚：罪过。
“凡尔众，其惟致告18：自今至于后日，各恭尔事19，齐乃位20，度乃口21。罚及尔身，弗可悔。”
Be sure, all of
you, to make known this announcement. From this time forward,
attend respectfully to your business; have (the duties of) your
offices regularly adjusted; bring your tongues under the rule of
law:--lest punishment come upon you, when repentance will be of no
avail.'
【注释】
18、惟：思。致告：致，传达。告，告诫。
19、恭而事：履行你们的职务，戒毋从康。
20、齐乃位：齐，正，摆正。位，职位。正尔职位，言当若网在纲，戒毋傲上。
21、度：闭，闭住你们的口。
