桃花源记
【晋•陶渊明】
An Idyllic Land of Peach-Blossom
Spring
Tao Yuanming from Jin Dynasty
Tr. by 许景城（Peter Cooper
Xu）
晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业，缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷；渔人甚异之。复前行，欲穷其林。
Amid the Taiyuan era of
Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a fisherman, a native of Wuling
rowed his boat along a brook, not mindful of how far he had toured
when suddenly he came across a blossoming peach grove flanking the
banks continuously for hundreds of footsteps. The peach grove with
no other sundry trees was permeated of sweet fragrance, fresh green
grass, and falling and fallen blossoms. The fisherman with
appealing surprise again rowed further, with a desire to explore
how far it extended.
林尽水源，便得一山。山有小口，仿佛若有光，便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人；复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然。有良田、美池、桑、竹之属，阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人；黄发垂髫，并佁然自乐。
When the grove faded away
at the end of the brook, he found himself in front of a mountain
with a small opening from which a light loomed. He thus left his
boat and walked into the opening which at first was found to be so
narrow that only one could pass through it. After walking forward
for a few footsteps, he discovered it led to an open air where flat
and wide was the land with well-arranged houses, rich fields,
beautiful ponds, mulberries, bamboos and the like. He saw the paths
intersecting the fields in all directions, and heard cocks crowing
and dogs barking. Here, men and women passing back and forth or
working in the fields dressed almost the same as people outside.
The grizzled-haired and children with uncoiled hairs seemed happy
and complacent.
见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来；具答之。便要还家，设酒、杀鸡、作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云：先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉；遂与外人间隔。问今是何世？乃不知有汉，无论魏、晋！此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食，停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道。”
People were so astonished
to see this outsider, and asked him where he came from. After the
fisherman answered all the questions, he was invited to their homes
where they served wine and killed chicken to offer a feast. When
the news of the fisherman’ visit spread out to other villagers,
they all came to greet him. Then, they told the outsider that their
ancestors, fleeing from the disorder and chaos during the Qin
reign, had come with their wives and children to this idyllic land,
and had never gone out since, leaving themselves secluded from
outsiders. When they asked what dynasty it was at present, they had
no idea of there having been dynasties such as Han, Wei and Jin.
The outsider related all he knew in detail, event by event and they
heaved frequent sighs and sorrows. The villages by turns invited
him to their houses where he was entertained with wine and food. He
stayed for a few days. When he decided to leave, people of this
place implored him, “It is advisable not to reveal this place to
others.”
既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷不复得路。
After he came out and got
his boat, he retraced and marked the route where he had come. When
he reached the town, he visited the prefect, and narrated the whole
story to him who immediately sent his pawns to go with the
fisherman to look for that place. They followed the trail markers
but got lost and never found the way.
南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往，未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。
At this news, Liu Ziji from
Nanyang, a gentleman, gleefully decided to seek for this place, but
he ailed and died before he could fulfill his plan. From then on,
no one else ever quested for that land.
Notes:
1.Tao Yuanming (365- 427AD), from Eastern Jin Dynasty, was a
famous Chinese pastoral poet.
2.This prose was written by Tao Yuanming in the second year (421
AD) during the era of Yongchu in Eastern Jin Dynasty(永初二年).
The poet described an idyllic place like
Shangri-La in pursuit of a peaceful and self-sufficient society
without classes, and exploitation, which was in sharp contrast with
his contemporary society.
3.The Taiyuan Era started from 376AD to 396 AD.
4.Qin period extended from 221BC to 208BC.
5.Han Dynasty reigned from 206 BC to 220AD.
6.Wei Dynasty reigned from 220AD to 265AD.
其他译文：
译文1：
Peach-Blossom Source
Tr. by A. R. Davis
During the Taiyuan period (376--396) of Jin a man of Wuling, who
made his living as a fisherman, ascended a stream, forgetful of the
distance he traveled. Suddenly he came upon a grove of peach trees
in blossom. They lined the banks for several hundred paces: among
them were no other kinds of tree. The fragrant herbage was fresh
and beautiful; fallen blossom lay in profusion. The fisherman, in
extreme wonder, again went forward, wishing to go to the end of the
grove.
The grove ended at the stream's source, and there he found a
hill. In the hill was a small opening from which a light seemed to
come. So he left his boat and went in through the opening. At first
it was very narrow, barely allowing a man to pass, but as he went
on for some tens of paces, it came out into the open air, upon
lands level and wide with houses of a stately appearance. There
fine fields and beautiful pools, clumps of mulberries and bamboos.
The field dykes intersected; cocks crowed and dogs barked to each
other. The clothes of the men and women who came and went, planted
and worked among them were entirely like those of people outside.
The white-haired and the children with their hair in tufts happily
enjoyed themselves.
When they saw the fisherman,
they were greatly surprised and asked from what place he came. When
he had answered all their questions, they invited him to come back
to their home, where they set out wine, killed a chicken and made a
meal. When the villagers heard of this man, they all came to pay
their respects. They told him that their ancestors, fleeing from
the troubles during the Qin period (221BC--208BC), had brought
their wives and children and neighbours to this inaccessible spot
and had not gone out again. Thus they became cut off from people
outside. They asked what dynasty it was now: they did not know that
there had been Han (206 BC--220AD), nor of courts Wei (220--265AD)
or Jin. The fisherman told them all he knew, item by item, and at
everything they sighed with grief. The others in turn also invited
him to their homes, and all set out wine and food. He stayed for
several days and then took leave of them. The people of this place
said to him: "You should not speak of this to those outside."
When he had gone out, he found
his boat and followed the route by which he had come: everywhere he
noted the way. When he reached the commandery, he called on the
prefect and told him this story. The prefect immediately sent a man
to go with him and seek out the places he had previously noted, but
they went astray and could not find the way again.
Liu Ziji of Nanyang, who was a scholar of lofty ideals, heard of
it and joyfully planned to go. Soon after, before he had carried
out his plan, he fell ill and died. Afterwards there was no one who
"sought the ford".
译文2：
Peach Blossom
Shangri-la
Tao YuanMing[1]
Tr. and Proofed by Rick Davis and David
Steelman
During the Taiyuan era [2]
of the Jin Dynasty [3] there was a man of Wuling [4] who made his
living as a fisherman. Once while following a stream he forgot how
far he had gone. He suddenly came to a grove of blossoming peach
trees. It lined both banks for several hundred paces and included
not a single other kind of tree. Petals of the dazzling and
fragrant blossoms were falling everywhere in profusion. Thinking
this place highly unusual, the fisherman advanced once again in
wanting to see how far it went.
The peach trees stopped at
the stream's source, where the fisherman came to a mountain with a
small opening through which it seemed he could see light. Leaving
his boat, he entered the opening. At first it was so narrow that he
could barely pass, but after advancing a short distance it suddenly
opened up to reveal a broad, flat area with imposing houses, good
fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees, bamboo, and the like. The
fisherman saw paths extending among the fields in all directions,
and could hear the sounds of chickens and dogs. Men and women
working in the fields all wore clothing that looked like that of
foreign lands. The elderly and children all seemed to be happy and
enjoying themselves.
The people were amazed to
see the fisherman, and they asked him from where he had come. He
told them in detail, then the people invited him to their home, set
out wine, butchered a chicken [5], and prepared a meal. Other
villagers heard about the fisherman, and they all came to ask him
questions. Then the villagers told him, "To avoid the chaos of war
during the Qin Dynasty [6], our ancestors brought their families
and villagers to this isolated place and never left it, so we've
had no contact with the outside world." They asked the fisherman
what the present reign was. They were not even aware of the Han
Dynasty [7], let alone the Wei [8] and Jin. The fisherman told them
everything he knew in great detail, and the villagers were amazed
and heaved sighs. Then other villagers also invited the fisherman
to their homes, where they gave him food and drink. After several
days there, the fisherman bid farewell, at which time some
villagers told him, "It's not worth telling people on the outside
about us." [9]
The fisherman exited
through the opening, found his boat, and retraced his route while
leaving markers to find this place again. Upon his arrival at the
prefecture town he went to the prefect and told him what had
happened. The prefect immediately sent a person to follow the
fisherman and look for the trail markers, but they got lost and
never found the way.
Liu Ziji [10] of Nanyang
[11] was a person of noble character. When he heard this story he
was happy and planned to visit the Shangri-la, but he died of
illness before he could accomplish it. After that no one else ever
looked for the place.
Translator's Notes:
[1] Chinese nature poet, c. 365-427. This prose story is one of the
poet's most well-known works.
[2] 376-396.
[3] 265-420 (actually two sequential dynasties, the "Western" and
the "Eastern").
[4] A place in present-day Hunan Province.
[5] "...set out wine, butchered a chicken": A stock phrase meaning
to entertain a guest lavishly.
[6] 221-206 B.C.
[7] 206 B.C. to A.D. 220.
[8] A.D. 220-265.
[9] The villagers would just as soon keep their existence
secret.
[10] A retired scholar of the Jin Dynasty.
[11] A place in present-day Henan Province.
This translation is based on the SiKuQuanShu text with editorial
emendations and punctuation by the translators. It was done by Rick
Davis (Japan) with help from David Steelman (Taiwan).
译文3：
The Peach Blossom Spring
Tr. by James Robert Hightower
During the Tai-yuan period
of the China dynasty a fisherman of Wu-ling once rowed upstream,
unmindful of the distance he had gone, when he suddenly came to a
grove of peach trees in bloom. For several hundred paces on both
banks of the stream there was no other kind of tree. The wild
flowers growing under them were fresh and lovely, and fallen petals
covered the ground———it made a great impression on the fisher-man.
He went on for away with the idea of finding out how far the grove
extended.
It came to an end at the
foot of a mountain whence issued the spring that supplied the
streams. There was a small opening in the mountain and it seemed as
though light was coming through it. The fisherman left his boat and
entered the cave, which at first was extremely narrow, barely
admitting his body, after a few dozen steps it suddenly opened out
onto a broad and level plain where well-built houses were
surrounded by rich fields and pretty ponds. Mulberry, bamboo and
other trees and plants grew there, and criss-cross paths skirted
the fields. The sounds of cocks crowing and dogs barking could be
heard from one courtyard to the next. Men and women were coming and
going about their work in the fields. The clothes they wore were
like those of ordinary people. Old men and boys were carefree and
happy.
When they caught sight of
the fisherman, they asked in surprise how he had got there. The
fisherman told the whole story, and was invited to go to their
house, Where he was served wine while they killed a chicken for a
feast. When the other villagers heard about the fisherman’s
arrival, they all came to pay him a visit. They told him that their
ancestors had fled the disorders of Ch'in times and, having taken
refugee here with wives and children and neighbours, had never
ventured out again consequently they had lost all contact with the
out-side world. They asked what the present ruling dynasty was, for
they had never heard of the Han, Let alone the Wei and the Jin.
They sighed unhappily as the fisherman enumerated the dynasties one
by one and recounted the vicissitudes of each.
The visitors all asked him
to come to their houses in turn, and at every house he had wine and
food. He stayed several days. As he was about to go away, the
people said, "There’s' no need to mention our existence to
outsiders.” After the fisherman had gone out and recovered his
boat, he carefully marked the route. On reaching the city, he
reported what he had found to the magistrate, who at once sent a
man to follow him back to the place. They proceed according to the
marks he had made, but went astray and were unable to find the cave
again.
A high-minded gentleman of
Nan-yang named LiuTzu-chi heard the story and happily made
preparations to go there, but before he could leave he fell sick
and died. Since then there has been no one interested in trying to
find such a place.
译文4：
The Peach Colony
Tr. by Lin Yutang 林语堂
During the reign of Taiyuan
of Chin, there was a fisherman of Wuling. One day he was walking
along a bank. After having gone a certain distance, he suddenly
came upon a peach grove which extended along the bank for about a
hundred yards. He noticed with surprise that the grove had a magic
effect, so singularly free from the usual mingling of brushwood,
while the beautifully grassy ground was covered with its rose
petals. He went further to explore, and when he came to the end of
the grove, he saw a spring which came from a cave in the hill,
Having noticed that there seemed to be a weak light in the cave, he
tied up his boat and decided to go in and explore. At first the
opening was very narrow, barely wide enough for one person to go
in. After a dozen steps, it opened into a flood of light. He saw
before his eyes a wide, level valley, with houses and fields and
farms. There were bamboos and mulberries; farmers were working and
dogs and chickens were running about. The dresses of the men and
women were like those of the outside world, and the old men and
children appeared very happy and contented. They were greatly
astonished to see the fisherman and asked him where he had come
from. The fisherman told them and was invited to their homes, where
wine was served and chicken was killed for dinner to entertain him.
The villagers hearing of his coming all came to see him and to
talk. They said that their ancestors had come here as refugees to
escape from the tyranny of Tsin Shih-huang (builder of Great Wall)
some six hundred years ago, and they had never left it. They were
thus completely cut off from the world, and asked what was the
ruling dynasty now. They had not even heard of the Han Dynasty (two
centuries before to two centuries after Christ), not to speak of
the Wei (third century A.D.) and the Chin (third and fourth
centuries). The fisherman told them, which they heard with great
amazement. Many of the other villagers then began to invite him to
their homes by turn and feed him dinner and wine. After a few days,
he took leave of them and left. The villagers begged him not to
tell the people outside about their colony. The man found his boat
and came back, marking with signs the route he had followed. He
went to the magistrate's office and told the magistrate about it.
The latter sent someone to go with him and find the place. They
looked for the signs but got lost and could never find it again.
Liu Tsechi of Nanyang was a great idealist. He heard of this story,
and planned to go and find it, but was taken ill and died before he
could fulfill his wish. Since then, no one has gone in search of
this place.
译文5：
Peach-Blossom Springs
Tr. by Roland C. Fang 方重
During the reign of Emperor
Shao-Wu of Eastern Tsin there was once a native of Wuling, who
lived on fishing. One day he rowed up a stream, and soon forgot how
far he had gone. All of a sudden he came upon a peach grove. For
hundreds of paces along both banks of the stream, the peach-trees
were in full bloom. No other trees were to be seen in the whole
grove. The soft grass looked fresh and beautiful. Here and there
falling blossoms were dancing gracefully in a thousand hues. The
fisherman was beside himself with amazement. He went on further in
order to reach the uppermost limits of the grove. As the peaches
came to an end, the headsprings of the stream was found to issue
from the side of a mountain. A narrow cave-like opening showed him
some light that seemed to emerge from within. Leaving his boat he
ventured in. At first it was just wide enough to admit one person.
But after a few dozen paces an extensive view suddenly appeared
before him. He saw the level plain stretch out far and wide, and
the houses and homesteads all neatly arranged. Rich rice-fields,
picturesque ponds, and mulberry and bamboo groves were everywhere.
The foot-paths crossed and re-crossed one another. As the cocks
crowed, the dogs barked in return. All the inhabitants busied
themselves with farm work in the same manner as the people outside,
so did their men and women attire themselves. The yellow-tressed
old folk and the youngsters with flowing hair were all living in
self-contentment. Seeing the fisherman they were so eager to find
out from whence he came. He made his answers accordingly and was
invited to their homes to be entertained with chicken and wine.
Others in the village, on hearing of the arrival of a stranger,
also flocked round to make inquiries. Of their own accord they told
him of the forefathers who had, during the troublous times of the
Chins, sought refuge in this place of absolute seclusion together
with their families and neighbours. After having settled down here
they never thought of going out again. They had been so cut off
from the rest of the world that a knowledge of the times would be a
revelation to them. They had not heard of the Han Dynasty, not to
say the Wei and the Tsin. The fisherman informed them all about
these changes, and they could not help being deeply affected. Then
more of them asked him to dine by turns. It was not until several
days later that he begged to take leave. He was bidden, however, to
keep to himself all the things talked about among them, for, they
said, such matters would not be worth imparting to the outside
world. Our fisherman came out, found his boat again, and took care
to leave marks all along his way home. As soon as he was back to
the city he told his adventure to the magistrate, who sent men to
go with him. They tried to trace the marks he had left, but failed,
and lost their way thither. A good scholar of Nanyang, on learning
of it, was anxious to re-discover the place. Nor did he succeed,
and died soon of illness. Ever since then, few have attempted the
passage again
译文6：
A Tale of the Fountain of the Peach
Blossom Spring
Tr. by 罗经国
In the year of Taiyuan (2)
of the Jin Dynasty, there lived a man in Wuling Prefecture (3) who
earned his living by fishing. One day, he rowed his boat along a
stream, unaware of how far he had gone when all of a sudden, he
found himself in the midst of a wood full of peach blossoms. The
wood extended several hundred footsteps along both banks of the
stream. There were no trees of other kinds. The fragrant grass was
fresh and beautiful and peach petals fell in riotous profusion. The
fisherman was so curious that he rowed on, in hopes of discovering
where the trees ended.
At the end of the wood was
the fountainhead of the stream. The fisherman beheld a hill, with a
small opening from which issued a glimmer of light. He stepped
ashore to explore the crevice. His first steps took him into a
passage that accommodated only the width of one person. After he
progressed about scores of paces, it suddenly widened into an open
field. The land was flat and spacious. There were houses arranged
in good order with fertile fields, beautiful ponds, bamboo groves,
mulberry trees and paths crisscrossing the fields in all
directions. The crowing of cocks and the barking of dogs were
within hearing of each other. In the fields the villagers were busy
with farm work. Men and women were dressed like people outside.
They all, old and young, appeared happy.
They were surprised at
seeing the fisherman, who, being asked where he came from, answered
their every question. Then they invited him to visit their homes,
killed chickens, and served wine to entertain him. As the words of
his arrival spread, the entire village turned out to greet him.
They told him that their ancestors had come to this isolated haven,
bringing their families and the village people, to escape from the
turmoil during the Qin Dynasty and that from then onwards, they had
been cut off from the outside world. They were curious to know what
dynasty it was now. They did not know the Han Dynasty, not to
mention the Wei and the Jin dynasties. The fisherman told them all
the things they wanted to know. They sighed. The villagers offered
him one hospitality after another. They entertained him with wine
and delicious food. After several days, the fisherman took his
leave. The village people entreated him not to let others know of
their existence.
Once out, the fisherman
found his boat and rowed homeward, leaving marks all the way. When
he came back to the prefecture, he reported his adventure to the
prefect, who immediately sent people to look for the place, with
the fisherman as a guide. However, the marks he had left could no
longer be found. They got lost and could not find the way.
Liu Ziji of Nanyang
Prefecture (4), a learned scholar of high repute, was excited when
hearing the fisherman's story. He devised a plan to find the
village, but it was not carried out. Liu died soon afterwards, and
after his death, no one else made any attempt to find it.
Notes:
(1)This piece of writing is regarded as one of the earliest
pieces about Utopianism in Chinese
Literature
(2)Taiyuan was the title of the reign of Emperor Xiaowu of the
Eastern Jin Dynasty.
(3)Wuling Prefecture is today's Changde City, Hunan Province.
(4) Nanyang is today's Nanyang City, Henan
Province.
译文7：
The Peach Blossom Visionary
Land
Tr. by孙大雨
During the Tai-yuan years
of the dynasty Jin, a fisherman from the county of Wuling strolled
on the bank of a stream, forgetting the distance of his track, into
a grove of blossoming peach trees all at once. For several hundred
steps along the bank side, there were no other trees; the sward was
freshly green and fallen petals of the peach blooms were scattered
on the grass verdure. The fisherman, surprised by the sight, walked
on to see where the grove would end. It ended at the source of the
stream, where there was a mountain. An aperture opened on the
mount, from which light seemed to be emitted.
The man abandoned his boat
and entered the opening. It was narrow at first, just enough to
pass through. After several tens of steps, the way led to vast
spaciousness. The land was level and expanded, houses were spread
out in good order; goodly farms, fair ponds and mulberry and bamboo
thickets were to be seen everywhere. The ways and cross roads were
stretched out far and wide. Cocks' crew and dogs' barking were
heard here and there. The men and women coming and going in their
tilling and handicraft work were dressed all like people outside.
The aged with hair of light beige and children with cut hair
fringing their foreheads all looked gay and contented. Seeing the
fisherman, people were greatly surprised, asking him whence he came
from and being replied to. They then invited him to their homes,
offering wine and killing chickens for entertainment. When it was
generally known in the village that there was this man, more people
came to see and ask questions of him. They all said that their
forefathers, fleeing from turmoils during the Qin Dynasty, led
their families and villagers hither to this isolated district to
stay, and so being separated from the outside world. They asked
what time it was then, knowing not there was any dynasty Han, to
say nothing of those of Wei and Jin. The man answered them all in
details, whereon they heaved sighs and exclamations. All the others
also invited him severally to their homes for hospitality. After
many a day, he made his departure. They told him not to publicize
his sojourn there.
When out, he sought out his
boat and noted closely the way leading to the aperture of the
mount. After his return to the chief town of the county, he went to
the alderman and made a report of his outlandish excursion. The
county official dispatched a man to follow him whereto he would
lead. But he could not find the spots he had noted on his way back
and so lost the whereabouts of the grove of blossoming peach
trees.
Liu Ziji of Nanyang, a
scholar of high repute, hearing of the story sought to find out the
place. He fell sick and died, before his attempted trial.
Thereafter, no one ever ventured the visionary
deed.
译文8：
The Peach Blossom Source
Tao Yuanming
Tr. by 谢百魁
One day in the Taiyuan
period of the Jin Dynasty, a native of Wuling Prefecture, being a
fisherman by trade, was boating in a stream. Oblivious of the
distance that he had covered, he came upon a peach grove, which
lined the banks of the stream for several hundred paces. The grove
was unmixed with any other trees and was carpeted with fragrant and
tender grass, while the newly opened blossom was a riot of pink.
The fisherman much wondered and proceeded further, hoping to reach
the end of the grove, which turned out to be the head of the
stream. There he was confronted with a crag, which had a small
orifice looking as if it were lit by a dim light. Then he abandoned
the boat and entered the opening.
At first the cave was very
narrow, only passable for one person. After a further walk of
several dozen paces, a broad view burst upon his sight. He saw an
even and wide tract of land, on which some houses were arranged in
good order, with fertile lands, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and
bamboos all around them. The fields were crisscrossed with ridged
paths. The cocks and dogs heard and echoed each other. The clothes
worn by the men and women tilling the land were identical with
those of the outsiders. The aged and the adolescent all enjoyed
themselves in blissful ease.
At sight of the fisherman,
they were dumbfounded. Then they asked whence he came, and he
answered their questions one by one. He was soon invited to their
homes, treated to a dinner with wine and chicken. Hearing of the
stranger, the villagers all came to see him and made him inquiries.
By their own account their ancestors, in order to escape from the
tumults of war during the Qin Dynasty, led their wives, children
and townsmen to this secluded place, and never went out again. Thus
they were isolated from the outside world. Their inquiries about
the present times showed that they had no idea of the Han, let
alone the Wei and Jin dynasties. The fisherman told them everything
he knew, and they were all surprised and regretted their ignorance.
The remaining folks also invited him to their homes, entertaining
him with wine and food. The fisherman, having stayed for several
days, bade them farewell. The people said to him, “There is no need
to tell the outside world about us.”
Having left the cave, the
fisherman found his boat and rowed along the former route, making
marks all the way. Upon his return in the prefecture he visited the
prefect and gave him a detailed account. The latter immediately
sent some people as his escort, tracing the marks in search of the
place. But they went astray and lost their way.
Liu Ziji of Nanyang, a
high-minded recluse, having been informed of it, set out gladly for
this unknown village, but to no purpose. Later he died of illness.
Afterwards, no one went to search for it again.
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青春就应该这样绽放 游戏测试：三国时期谁是你最好的兄弟！！ 你不得不信的星座秘密
