英国文学选读要点Chapter 5（50--60）

英国文学选读要点Chapter 5（50--60）

The Modern Period现代时期

　　（V）. D. H. Lawrence戴维.伯特.劳伦斯

　　50. His autobiographical novel， Sons and Lovers.《儿子与情人》是他的自传体作品。该作品出版后，他才确立了杰出小说家的地位。

　　51. The following two novels， The Rainbow and Women in Love， are generally regarded as his masterpieces.接下来的两部小说《虹》和《恋爱中的女人》被认为是他的代表作。

　　52. In Lawrence’s opinion， the mechanical civilization is responsible for the unhealthy development of human personalities， the perversion of love and the failure of human fulfillment in marital relationships.劳伦斯认为工业机械化的文明是人类个性病态发展，爱情扭曲，婚姻不幸的罪魁祸首。

　　53. Gerald Crich， representing the whole set of bourgeois ethics. Whereas Birkin， a self-portrait of Lawrence， is presented as a symbolic figure of human warmth， standing for the spontaneous Life Force.《恋爱中的女人》中杰拉德象征着精神的死亡，代表了整个资产阶级的伦理观。而勃金则是劳伦斯的一幅自画像，他反抗着工业机械化带来的种种压抑以及任何一种丧失了生命力的形式与教条，代表了人情温暖及生命原始的冲动。

　　54. By portraying， in Aaron’s Rod， a disillusioned man who attempts to save his integrity by running away again and again from his wife and children，Lawrence tries to show that every man is a sacred and holy individual whose integrity should never be violated or dominated.在《亚伦神杖》中，劳伦斯塑造了一个幻想破灭的男人，为了维护美德与尊严一次次逃离妻儿，表现了每个人都是神圣的，独立的，其人格与尊严不得侵犯。

　　55. Irony， humour and wit are the characteristic features of many of the stories.讽刺，幽默，机智都是他短篇小说的特点。

　　56. Lawrence is also a proficient poet.劳伦斯还是个天才多产的诗人。

　　57. Lawrence was discovered to be an important playwright in 1968 with the efforts of Peter Gill who staged three plays known as “the Lawrence trilogy” at the Royal Court. These three plays： A Collier’s Friday Night， The Daughter-in-law and The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyed， have in common the typical working-class environments set in Nottinghamshire.1968年，劳伦斯的三部戏剧作品，称为“劳伦斯三部曲”，在彼得.吉尔的帮助下，在皇家剧院登台演出，从而劳伦斯又成为重要的剧作家，这三部戏是《矿工的周五夜晚》，《儿媳》以及《守寡的霍尔 罗伊德夫人》，这三部作品的背景都是诺丁汉姆郡的工人阶级。

　　58.　Lawrence was one of the first novelists to introduce themes of psychology into his works. He believed that the healthy way of the individual’s psychological development lay in the primacy of the life impulse， or in another term， the sexual impulse. Human sexuality was， to Lawrence， a symbol of Life Force.劳伦斯是首先将心理透析引入作品的小说家之一，他认为人类心理的健康主要在于生命的冲动，或曰性冲动，性行为是生命活力的体现。

　　59. Lawrence’s artistic tendency is mainly realism， which combines dramatic scenes with an authoritative commentary.劳伦斯继承了现实主义创作手法，将戏剧化情节与权威性的评说结合起来。

60. Lawrence endows the traditional realism with a fresh psychological meaning. Through a combination of traditional realism and the innovating elements of symbolism and poetic imagination， Lawrence has managed to bring out the subtle ebb and flow of his characters’subconscious life.劳伦斯通过将传统的现实主义手法与改革后的象征主义与诗化联想结合为一体，劳伦斯成功的展示了角色潜意识的跌宕起伏，赋予传统现实主义新的意义。