尚书 The Book of History -- 《洪范-- Great Plan》(James Legge 英译)(6)
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洪范: 八、庶徵：曰雨，曰旸，曰燠，曰寒，曰风。曰时五者来备，各以其叙，庶草蕃庑。一极备，凶；一极无，凶。曰休徵；曰肃,时雨若；曰乂，时旸若；曰晰，时燠若；曰谋，时寒若；曰圣，时风若。曰咎徵：曰狂，恒雨若；曰僭，恒旸若；曰豫，恒燠若；曰急，恒寒若；曰蒙，恒风若。曰王省惟岁，卿士惟月，师尹惟日。岁月日时无易，百谷用成，乂用民，俊民用章，家用平康。日月岁时既易，百谷用不成，乂用昏不明，俊民用微，家用不宁。庶民惟星，星有好风，星有好雨。日月之行，则有冬有夏。月之从星，则以风雨。
Great Plan: viii. 'Eighth, of the various verifications. They are rain, sunshine, heat, cold, wind, and seasonableness. When the five come, all complete, and each in its proper order, (even) the various plants will be richly luxuriant. Should any one of them be either excessively abundant or excessively deficient, there will be evil. There are the favourable verifications: namely, of gravity, which is emblemed by seasonable rain; of orderliness, emblemed by seasonable sunshine; of wisdom, emblemed by seasonable heat; of deliberation, emblemed by seasonable cold; and of sageness, emblemed by seasonable wind, There are (also) the unfavourable verifications - namely, of recklessness, emblemed by constant rain; of assumption, emblemed by constant sunshine; of indolence, emblemed by constant heat; of hastiness, emblemed by constant cold; and of stupidity, emblemed by constant wind.
He went on to say, 'The king should examine the (character of the whole) year; the high ministers and officers (that of) the month; and the inferior officers (that of) the day. If, throughout the year, the month, the day, there be an unchanging seasonableness, all the grains will be matured; the measures of government will be wise, heroic men will stand forth distinguished; and in the families (of the. people) there will be peace and prosperity. If, throughout the year, the month, the day, the seasonableness be interrupted, the various kinds of grain will not be matured; the measures of government will be dark and unwise; heroic men will be kept in obscurity; and in the families (of the people) there will be an absence of repose. By the common people the stars should be examined. Some stars love wind, and some love rain. The courses of the sun and moon give winter and summer. The way in which the moon follows the stars gives wind and rain.'
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洪范: 九、五福：一曰寿，二曰富，三曰康宁，四曰攸好德，五曰考终命。六极：一曰凶、短、折，二曰疾，三曰忧，四曰贫，五曰恶，六曰弱。
Great Plan: ix. 'Ninth, of the five (sources of) happiness. The first is long life; the second, riches; the third, soundness of body and serenity of mind; the fourth, the love of virtue; and the fifth, fulfilling to the end the will (of Heaven). Of the six extreme evils, the first is misfortune shortening the life; the second, sickness; the third, distress of mind; the fourth, poverty; the fifth, wickedness; the sixth, weakness.'
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洪范: 武王既胜殷，邦诸侯，班宗彝，作《分器》。
